At WACKER, we focus on sustainably increasing our company’s value in the long term. This is why value-based management is an integral part of our corporate policies. Under the EAGLE acronym (Eye At Growing a Longterm Enterprise), WACKER has been consolidating value-based management groupwide since 2002. Value management and strategic planning complement each other. Consequently, we coordinate the strategic positioning of a business entity and its contribution to boosting the company’s value. As part of annual planning, we make fundamental decisions on investments, innovation plans, new markets and a variety of other projects.
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Cost of Capital |
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2010 |
2009 | ||
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Riskless interest rate (%) |
3.8 |
3.5 | ||
Market premium (%) |
4.2 |
4.5 | ||
Beta coefficient |
1.5 |
1.5 | ||
Post-tax cost of equity (%) |
10.1 |
10.3 | ||
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Tax rate (%) |
30.0 |
30.0 | ||
Pre-tax cost of equity (%) |
14.4 |
14.6 | ||
Pre-tax borrowing costs (%) |
5.0 |
5.0 | ||
Tax shield (30%) |
1.5 |
1.5 | ||
Post-tax borrowing costs (%) |
3.5 |
3.5 | ||
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Share of equity (%) |
90.0 |
90.0 | ||
Share of borrowed capital (%) |
10.0 |
10.0 | ||
Post-tax cost of capital (%) |
9.5 |
9.6 | ||
Pre-tax cost of capital (%) |
13.6 |
13.7 |
Key Performance Indicators
WACKER’s key value-related performance indicators are: BVC (business value contribution), EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization), EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes), cash flow and ROCE (return on capital employed). Our cost of capital is calculated and charged to the internal operating result. To do this, we calculate imputed interest on capital employed. We then deduct this interest from earnings before taxes. If earnings after this deduction amount to exactly zero, we have covered our cost of capital. We call earnings after cost of capital our business value contribution (BVC). ROCE is appraised yearly as part of our planning process and is a key criterion for managing our investment budget. The pre-tax cost of capital employed remained at 14 percent in 2010.
ROCE Clearly Surpasses Cost of Capital
Rather than the originally projected ROCE (return on capital employed) of 11 percent, we actually achieved a ROCE of almost 25 percent in 2010, nearly earning double our cost of capital. This was due to WACKER POLYSILICON’s and WACKER SILICONES’ outstanding results.
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Planned and Actual Figures |
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€ million |
2009 |
Planned 2010 |
Actual 2010 | |||
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-365.1 |
Negative |
399.4 | ||||
EBITDA margin (%) |
16.3 |
22 – 28 |
25.2 | |||
Net cash flow |
-32.9 |
Negative |
421.6 |
WACKER’s second target is high profitability compared to the competition. The benchmark here is EBITDA. Each division is compared with its most profitable competitor. Using this comparison, and historical performance and divisional planning, we calculate an EBITDA margin. In a weighted divisional average, this margin lies within a corridor of 22 to 28 percent. For the Group, it amounts to 25 percent. In 2010, we exactly reached the Group’s target margin of 25.2 percent.
Our third target is net operating cash flow (NCF – defined as the sum of cash flow from operating activities and noncurrent investment activities, without securities). On average, we strive for a slightly positive value here. From year to year, this depends on our earnings situation and planned investments. The goal for 2010 was a slightly negative NCF. Thanks to our markedly positive earnings trend and high advance payments from polysilicon customers, 2010’s net cash flow was clearly above plan at €421.6 million.
To continually increase the company’s value, the variable compensation of senior managers at our divisions and corporate departments is tied to the following performance indicators: EBITDA margin, development of net operating cash flow, and BVC.
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ROCE and BVC |
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€ million |
2010 |
2009 | ||
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764.6 |
26.8 | |||
Capital employed |
3,078.9 |
2,878.4 | ||
ROCE (%) |
24.8 |
0.9 | ||
Pre-tax cost of capital (%) |
13.6 |
13.7 | ||
BVC |
399.4 |
-365.1 |