Key Performance Indicators

EBITDA is EBIT before depreciation and amortization.

Margins are calculated based on sales.

Sum of cash and cash equivalents, noncurrent and current securities, and noncurrent and current financial liabilities.

Intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, investment property, excluding right-of-use assets.

Sum of cash flow from operating activities and cash flow from long-term investing activities (before securities).

CO₂e = CO₂ equivalents, as per Greenhouse Gas Protocol. CO₂ emissions are measured on the basis of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol: “A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard”), published by the World Resources Institute and World Business Council for Sustainable Development. Scope 1: direct CO₂ emissions. Scope 2: indirect emissions from the consumption of purchased energy (converted into CO₂ equivalents for purchased electricity, steam and heat). Conversion is based on emission factors of the International Energy Agency (electricity) and from the GEMIS database (steam and heat).

Direct CO₂ emissions: only the fossil emissions from the "Scope 1 - Direct Greenhouse Gases” table are included here; biogenic emissions are contained in the aforementioned Scope 1 table. That table also reports on laughing gas (nitrous oxide), methane and hydrofluorocarbons.

Indirect CO₂ emissions from purchased energy: the amount of electricity supplied by the affiliate Alzwerke GmbH is included in indirect CO₂ emissions in a climate-neutral manner – because it is not fed into the public grid. From 2020 onward, indirect CO₂ emissions also include methane and nitrous oxide emissions converted into CO₂ equivalents.